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Seizures and syncope are commonly confused with one another due to similarities in the appearance of these episodes. Both present with collapse but there are several details, explained in this handout, that can differentiate between them, which is important for determining treatment. The prognosis for each condition varies depending on the underlying causes.
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A seizure, also known as a convulsion or fit, is a temporary, involuntary disturbance of normal brain function. If abnormal brain activity occurs in the motor cortex of the brain, it may cause uncontrollable muscle activity. Epilepsy involves repeated seizures that may occur alone or in clusters. Seizures are one of the most frequently reported neurological conditions in dogs.
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Selamectin (brand names: Revolution®, Paradyne®, Stronghold®, Chanhold®) is an avermectin antiparasitic used topically to treat parasites in dogs and cats, both on and off label. Use with caution in sick or underweight pets, or dogs with the MDR1 mutation.
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Selegiline is typically given by mouth and is used off and on label in dogs and cats to treat signs due to cognitive dysfunction syndrome, pituitary-dependent Cushing’s disease, anxiety, and certain phobias.
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Selenium sulfide topical is a drug used for treating seborrheic skin conditions in dogs (conditions relating to the oil-producing glands in the skin). It may also be used as a secondary treatment for Malassezia (yeast) skin conditions, especially if the dog has waxy, greasy or scaly skin.
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Canine agility training provides exercise and mental stimulation for both handler and dog. Older agility dogs also benefit from strengthening the bond with their owners, socializing with other dogs, and fulfilling natural hunting instincts. A physical exam and veterinary consultation before starting a new exercise regimen is advised.
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Dogs are generally considered senior when they reach 75% of their average lifespan. As dogs enter their senior years, aging affects every organ system, so a few extra health, lifestyle, and veterinary care considerations become important.
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Some dogs exhibit signs of distress when they are left alone. Separation-related behavior problems can include vocalizing, panting, pacing, and house soiling. Treatment includes behavior modification and, in some cases, medication. Consultation with a veterinary behaviorist is generally recommended.
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Some dogs exhibit signs of distress when they are left alone. Signs may include vocalizing, pacing, damaging objects, damaging potential exit points, salivating, vomiting, and eliminating indoors. Treatment includes behavior modification and, in some cases, medication.
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Septic arthritis occurs when bacteria or another infectious agent is introduced into one or more joints, leading to painful inflammation. The signs of septic arthritis include heat, swelling, and pain in one or more joints. There is typically decreased range of motion in the affected joint(s), as well as fever, lethargy, and lack of appetite. This handout discusses causes, signs, treatment, and follow-up care.
